Aflaq werd in 1910 in damascus geboren in een syrische grieks orthodoxe familie. Aflaq in aleppo, july 01, 1950, history and public policy program digital archive, emir farid chehab collection, gb1650384, box 12, file 2812, middle east centre archive, st antonys college, oxford. Empire, state and nation in the middle east tuesdays 5. Eleven files chronicle the activities of bath party founder, michel aflaq, including a posthumous conference on the topic of his thought. The eclipse of panarab nationalism the worlds leading. The party claims it exists to combine democratic values and social.
Hizb albaath alarabi alishtiraki qutr alyaman is the yemeni regional branch of the arab socialist baath party based in damascus. Reactions to the war with israel, 1948, including the coup bringing colonel husni zaim to power. Jurnal pemikiran alternatif pendidikan islamic education in syria. Saddam hussein and alqaeda link allegations were made by the u. Aflaqs most important texts is part of a broader reconsideration of the intellectual history of modern syria between nationalism and. In march 1971, assad declared himself president, a position he would hold until his death in 2000. Both stressed the umma arabiyya, or arab community, as the proper unit of analysis.
Sati alhusri, michel aflaq and zaki alarsuzi rahaf core. Saddam hussein and alqaeda link allegations wikipedia. Michel aflaq, founder of the baath party, was evicted from its board, and the state of emergency declared which was lifted in 2011. Simultaneously, further groups of army officers, shisheklis old com. Undergraduate curriculum and academic policy committee. Egypt that michel aflaq, the bath founder, was not an atheist mu mulhid and provide 4 crrc, shshtpd000864. The political ideas of michel aflaq the baath party has been ruling in syria since 1963 that proves that the party has developed a stable political sy stem. Socialists under akram hourani and the renaissance party under michel aflaq and salahuddin bitar. Primary source analysis students will select 4 four primary documents through the semester and submit an analysis on blackboard. It focuses on how nassers panarab nationalism and aflaqs baathism.
Unity arab, freedom from colonialism, and socialism founded in damascus in 1941 by young intellectuals the bath party. The library has acquired the online resource confidential u. The nonbroadcast elements depict saddam husseins speeches, mass graves, womens meetings, parties given by uday saddam, etc. This process began with the founders of bathist thought, michel aflaq and zaki alarsuzi, both of whom stressed that the essential values and mission of bathism were identical to those of islam. Publication date 201808 usage public domain mark 1. Contributed by carleigh beriont, harvard divinity school. Aflaq wanted to propose a panarab ideology that used less islamic terminology so that arab christians wouldnt feel threatened or left out.
They will not embrace communism just as they do not embrace capitalism. In fact, these new islamist policies essentially emptied the baath faith of much of its early content. The baath party was founded in 1947 by michel aflaq, salah aldin albitar, and zaki alarsuki. May 26, 2015 to aflaq, arab unity was not merely a constitutive part of arab nationalism but also a prerequisite for the resurrection of the arab spirit and intellect aflaq, 1963. It is a regional party and has operated in many arab countries, including lebanon and iraq. Political systems, government and democratic organization.
And incredibly, she lives under a government that receives billions of u. The party was founded on 7 april 1947 as the arab baath party by michel aflaq an antiochian christian, salah aldin albitar a sunni muslim, and the followers of zaki alarsuzi an atheist in damascus, syria, leading to the establishment of the syrian regional branch. Prime minister salah aldin albitar, president luay alatassi, nasser, and baath part national command head michel aflaq date 20 march 1963. Exploring the consolidation of arab nationalist narratives and. It was founded in 1946 in mahabad in iranian kurdistan. In 1968 a coup detat brought into power an extraordinary regime in iraq, one that. Michel aflaq was a syrian philosopher, sociologist and arab nationalist. Michel aflaq, in an interview with the iraqi republic newspaper, 27. Michel aflaq, during the 40th anniversary of the founding of the baath party, 04. It is therefore very much at odds with political islamism, whom saddam had long been at conflict with. Arab unity, freedom from colonialism, and socialism key concept.
Neil foley, u of texas at austin bur 337 cold war culture in divided germany bradley boovy, university of texas at austin. Pdf revisiting ideological borrowings in syrian nationalist. Saddam hussein was a baathist, and baathism is a movement which combines panarab nationalism with secularism and arab socialism. His family was greek orthodox, middleclass, and had a tradition of nationalist ideology. In practice, the iraqi regional command qiyadah al qutriyah controlled the baghdadbased national command.
Pdf on feb 1, 2016, rahaf aldoughli and others published revisiting ideological borrowings in syrian nationalist narratives. Sati alhusri, michel aflaq and zaki alarsuzi find, read and. The arab socialist baath party is syrias current governing party. This edition, updated in 1998, has a substantial introduction focusing on the changes in husseins regime since the gulf war. The first, bloodless, coup was staged on 30 march 1949 by the. Republic of fear by kanan makiya paperback university. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Syria began its fully independent life as a parliamentary democracy, but within months the military took the lead, staging a series of coups and wielding power in cooperation with a political and economic elite comprising a small number of landowning and merchant families, most based in damascus, aleppo, and homs. Iowa farm custom rate survey iowa state university.
The eclipse of panarab nationalism einternational relations. The arab socialist baath party yemen region arabic. Faust demonstrates the discontinuity between the bathisms of ahmed hassan albakr and aflaq and the bathism of saddam hussein. The ideological founder of baathism, michel aflaq, was himself a christian. Prime minister salah aldin albitar, president luay alatassi, nasser, and baath part national command head michel aflaq. Michel aflaq, one of the original cofounders of the bath party, was the secretary general of the baghdadbased national command, and saddam hussein. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. He argues convincingly that saddam defined his baath as a new stage of the movement, one which necessitated new political directions for. In 1941 the movement began publishing documents under the name the arab ihya. The leaders of these groups escaped to lebanon, thus increasing the considerable number of political refugees from syria. Michel aflaq, salah aldin bitar and the creation of the bath party. Through the window on the left, the sultans lions peer out. Michel aflaq, relationship between arabism and islam, 1943, pp. It contains a wide range of sensitive materials from u.
At the same time, faust notes that even when saddam deviated from the party line, he needed to retain some of aflaqs ideological structure in order to provide his regime with basic legitimacy. Michel aflaq 1 leonardo da vinci mythology narcis oller g. State department central files, 19601969, africa and the middle east, which includes u. Michel aflaq, one of the original cofounders of the bath party, was the secretary general of the baghdadbased national command, and saddam hussein was the vicechairman.
The mostly secular ideology often contrasts with that of other arab govern. The party carried out clandestine political activity until 1990. Baath party founder michel aflaq with iraqi president saddam hussein in 1988. Aflaq, michel, 489 agnon, shmuel yosef, 483 agudas israel world organization, 161, 262, 338, 346, 396, 470,471, 482, 521 agudath harabbanim, 161 agudath israel of america, 52 2 agudath israel of america, childrens divisionpirchei agudath israel, 522 agudath israel of america, girls division bnos agudath israel, 522 agudath israel of.
Baathist beliefs combine arab socialism, nationalism, and panarabism. This course aims to step beyond such generalizations, by way of an overview of the regions modern. In beirut, michel aflaq, founder of baath party, strongly criticized goi for remaining aloof and directed strong attack against hardan and the military wing of the party. First published in 1989, just before the gulf war broke out, republic of fear was the only book that explained the motives of the saddam hussein regime in invading and annexing kuwait. Foreign relations of the united states, 19691976, volume e4. The rise of the bath party and union with egypt in 1958. Jun 12, 2009 this process began with the founders of bathist thought, michel aflaq and zaki al arsuzi, both of whom stressed that the essential values and mission of bathism were identical to those of islam.
The baath party has ruled syria since 1963 and was constitutionally enshrined as the leader of state. Faust understands that at least from 1990, saddams baathism what the author calls husseini baathism was substantially different from the party and ideology of its founding father michel aflaq 191089 and his generation. The new regime believed in socialism, and hastened to nationalize banks and to introduce agricultural reform. Michel aflaq 1910 1989 was a syrian philosopher and arab nationalist whose ideas provided the. Taha husayn, egypt as a mixture of pharonic, arab and western cultures, 1938, pp. Thus, the writings of alhusri and aflaq stressed the importance of creating a united and sovereign arab state as the ultimate goal of arab nationalism. Cover photo is available under public domain license. The treaty was signed with the aim of discouraging communist expansion. Final paper and presentation will be done in stages. Pdf the evolution of lebanese and syrian statetostate. State department central files that have not been microfilmed by the national archives or distributed by other publishers. Pdf on jan 1, 2015, carlotta stegagno and others published the foundation of the bath party. A meeting between the syrian delegation and egyptianunited arab republic president gamal abdel nasser in the context of the triparititie unity talks between egypt, syria and iraq. Publication date 1977 topics baathism, arab nationalism, iraq.
Gradually, the alawites rose in rank in both the baath and the army. His ideas played a significant role in the development of baathism and its political movement. Foreign relations of the united states, 19691976, volume. Michel aflaq embedded islam within arabism 10, in the mind of the christian who reportedly later converted to islam11 michael aflaq, islam and arab nationalism were inseparable12 he stated in the 1940s that arab nationalism was vital to the survival of islam in the region and the duty of arab nationalists was to defend islam in. Republic of fear by kanan makiya paperback university of. Thus, in its internal discourse, the party continued to preach the old ideas while. Michel aflaq mijn hersenspinsels en gedachtekronkels. Consider the following statements about the treaty of anzus, signed by australia, new zealand and the us in 1951. The party was officially registered as the arab socialist baath party on 31 december 1995, while the proiraq party registered as the national arab socialist baath party in 1997.